不同遗传背景小麦成熟胚再生体系的初步研究

为了进一步探索小麦成熟胚再生体系的各种影响因素，选取5个不同遗传背景的小麦品种（绵阳19、西农928、洛阳8716、陕354、紫麦），以成熟胚为外植体，对其再生条件进行了研究。结果表明，不同基因型的小麦成熟胚愈伤诱导率差异不大，均在87%以上。同一品种在不同的2，4D浓度下愈伤诱导率稍有差异，其最适2，4D浓度为4 mg·L-1。不同的激素配比对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织再生成苗有一定的影响。分化培养基中2，4D/KT(mg·L-1) 为0.5/1.5时，各基因型小麦再生率为绵阳19：16.67%；西农928: 27.69%；洛阳8716: 11.25%；陕354: 6.3%；紫麦:41.67%。2，4D/KT(mg·L-1) 为0.5/1.0时，西农928的再生率最高，为31.25%。2，4D/KT(mg·L-1)为0.2/1.0时，紫麦的再生率最高，为45.45%。

Prelimilary Study on the Regeneration System of Mature Wheat Embryos with Different Genetic Backgrounds

Five genotypes of wheats (Mianyang 19, Xinong 928, Luoyang 8716, Shaan 354, purple wheat ) were chosed and the mature embryo were used as the explant to experience a process of dedifferentiation, redifferentiation and regeneration. The frequencies of calli induced in wheats of different backgrounds shared a similar level of above 87% and the optimal concentration of 2,4-D for all was 4 mg·L~(-1). When the proportion of 2,4-D with KT was 0.5/1.5, the regeneration rates was 16.67% for Mianyang 19, 27.69% for Xinong 928,11.25% for Luoyang 8716, 6.3% for Shaan 354, 41.67% for purple wheat, respectively. When the proportion of 2，4-D with KT was 0.5/1.0, the regeneration rates of Xinong 928 reached the highest peak of 31.25%. When the proportion of 2，4-D with KT was 0.2/1.0, the regeneration rates of purple wheat achieved the top point of 45.45%. This work provided a basis for genetic transformation and molecular plant breeding of wheat.