以提升品质为目标的中药材灵芝袋料栽培技术初探

[目的]研究中药材灵芝袋料栽培技术，以提升灵芝药材品质。[方法]以灵芝生物转化率、多糖含量和三萜含量为指标，采用混料设计优化袋料栽培灵芝主料配方，采用单因素试验优化石灰添加量和基质颗粒度。[结果]当纯棉籽壳为主料、石灰添加量为4％、基质颗粒度大于1cm时，袋料栽培灵芝生物转化率最高；当杂木屑用量25％、棉籽壳用量25％、玉米芯用量50％、石灰添加量为1％、基质颗粒度大于1cm时，多糖含量最高；当杂木屑用量50％、棉籽壳用量50％、石灰添加量为2％、基质颗粒度小于O．5cm时，三萜含量最高。[结论]栽培基质对袋料栽培灵芝品质影响较大，可通过主料配方、石灰添加量及基质颗粒度控制袋料灵芝产量和品质。

The Cultivation Technique Studied for Improving the Quality of Ganoderma lucidum

[ Objective ] The cultivation technique was studied for improving the quality of Ganoderma lucidum. [ Method ] The main cultiva- tion substrate was optimized use the mixture design, the ratio of lime in the cultivation substrate and the particle size of the substrate were opti- mized use the single factor experiment, while the optimization criterions are biological efficiency, polysaccharides and triterpenes content of G. lucidum. [ Result ] The results showed that the biological efficiency is highest while main cultivation substrate is cotton seed shell, the ratio of lime in the cultivation substrate is 4% and the particle size of the substrate is bigger than 1 cm ; the polysaccharides content is highest while the main cultivation substrate is composed of 25% sawdust, 25% cotton seed shell, 50% corn cobs, the ratio of lime in the cultivation substrate is 1% and the particle size of the substrate is bigger than 1 cm ; the triterpenes content is highest while the main cultivation substrate is com- posed of 50% sawdust, 50% cotton seed shell~ the ratio of lime in the cultivation substrate is 2% and the particle size of the substrate is smal- ler than 1 cm. [ Conclusion] The G. lucidum production and quality can be controlled from the main cultivation substrate formula, the ratio of lime in the cultivation substrate and the particle size of the substrate, because their effect influence was so significant.