玉米秸秆成型燃料生命周期评价

为了定量解释以秸秆为原料的成型燃料的节能和温室气体减排潜力，从能源消耗和环境排放出发，分析了玉米秸秆的生长、运输、压缩成型，成型燃料运输、燃烧利用等单元过程，建立了秸秆成型燃料的生命周期能源消耗、环境排放分析模型。以5 000 t/a的秸秆成型燃料生产厂为例，评价了其生命周期能耗和环境排放。结果表明：秸秆运输、压缩成型、成型燃料运输等环节都需要消耗能源，其中，压缩成型的能耗最大；秸秆固定的二氧化碳量为生命周期排放出二氧化碳的96.6%，在很大程度上减少了温室气体的排放。利用生命周期分析秸秆成型燃料，得出其相比化石燃料具有较大的减排优势，为秸秆成型燃料利用提供了基础性数据。

Life cycle assessment of corn straw pellet fuel

To quantitatively explain the potential of energy saving and greenhouse gas emissions reduction of straw-based pellet fuel, system of corn straw to pellet fuel was taken as research object from the view of energy consumption and environmental emission. The unit processes of corn straw growth, transportation, compression, corn straw pellet fuel transportation and combustion were analyzed. The analysis model was built about life cycle energy consumption and environmental emission of corn straw pellet fuel. Energy consumption and environmental emission were evaluated for a 5 000 t/a corn straw pellet fuel plant. The results showed that energy was consumed in corn straw transportation, compression, pellet fuel transportation, et al. Energy consumption using in corn straw compression was the most of it. The CO2 amount settled by corn straw growing was about 96.6% of CO2 emission from the life cycle assessment, it made a great greenhouse emission reduction. According to life cycle assessment of corn straw pellet fuel, straw pellet fuel had a bigger advantage as compare with fossil fuel. Those results provided foundational data for utilization of straw pellet fuel. It is important to reduce electricity consumption of straw compression for improving utilization level of straw pellet fuel.