基于Ecotect的不同墙体材料猪舍光热环境和热性能分析

北方地区冬季寒冷漫长,为探究北方冬季养猪的采光及保温问题,该文基于Ecotect软件,以吉林省内某大型猪场的典型猪舍为对象,等比例建模仿真,研究猪舍的光热环境及猪场生产区光环境,探究猪舍内不同高度的采光系数及猪场生产区采光情况,分析4种形式不同墙体材料猪舍的保温性能。结果表明,试验猪舍各研究高度采光系数均高于2%,满足绿色建筑标准;猪场生产区采光良好,在大寒日的太阳辐射量可达5.38 MJ/(m2·d),日照充足无遮挡;通过对比4种形式不同墙体材料猪舍的逐月能耗值,计算出4种形式猪舍中黏土多孔砖猪舍、泡沫混凝土猪舍、酚醛夹芯板彩钢猪舍和低密度聚乙烯薄膜温室大棚猪舍的保温性能最好,考虑成本后更推荐炉渣砖砌体猪舍、粉煤灰加气砌块猪舍、聚苯夹芯板彩钢猪舍和低密度聚乙烯薄膜温室大棚猪舍;通过将试验实测值与软件模拟值进行数据对比,计算得出相对误差范围为0.74%～8.62%,验证了模型的可靠性。该文可以为探究北方猪舍的光热环境提供理论依据,为建筑设计师在方案实施前提供更多优化设计方案的思路。

Analysis of light environment and thermal performance of piggery with different wall materials based on Ecotect

Abstract: In recent years, China''s pig industry has gradually shifted to the northeast. Compared with the rich feed resources and land resources in Northeast China, the cold environment reduces the feed conversion efficiency and the production performance of pigs. In the winter of northern China, pig producers often face a huge problem of heat preservation when they control the environment of piggery. The aim of this study is to explore the heat preservation of piggeries in Northeast China. According to the investigation, there were four types of piggeries in Jilin Province, which were brick wall piggery, concrete wall piggery, color steel wall piggery and greenhouse piggery. The simulated piggeries with brick wall, concrete wall and color steel wall were based on the experimental piggery of Jilin Agricultural University, the simulated piggery with greenhouse was based on a piggery in a pig farm, and the simulated pig farm area was based on a pig farm area. Based on Ecotect software, this paper took a typical piggery in a large pig farm in Jilin Province as an object, and studied the light and heat environment of piggery, and the light environment of pig farm production area. The daylight factor of different heights in the piggery and the lighting situation in the production area of the pig farm were studied. The thermal insulation performances of 4 kinds of piggeries with different walls were analyzed. The results were as follows: The daylight factor of each research height of the experimental piggery was higher than 2%, which met the green building standard. The production area of the pig farm had good daylight, and the solar radiation in Great Cold Day could reach 5.38 MJ/(m2·d), and the sunshine was sufficient. The building spacing of the pig farm met the epidemic prevention standard, and there was no shelter problem. By comparing the monthly energy consumption values of 4 kinds of piggeries with different building materials, the best insulation performance of piggeries was as follow: Clay porous brick piggery, foam concrete pig piggery, color steel piggery with phenolic sandwich board, low density polyethylene film greenhouse piggery. After considering the cost, it was recommended to use cinder brick masonry piggery, fly ash aerated block piggery, polyphenylene sandwich board color steel piggery and low density polyethylene film greenhouse piggery. The daily energy consumption of empty piggery in December was tested and verified. The relative error range was 0.74%-8.62% after data comparison, which verified the reliability of the model. The simulation values of energy consumption were in good agreement with the measured values. On the one hand, it verified the correctness and rationality of setting parameters in the software. On the other hand, it showed that Ecotect software was feasible in piggery building. This paper can provide theoretical basis for exploring the light and heat environment of the northern piggery, and provide more ideas for architects to optimize the design before the implementation of the plan.