大豆疫霉菌生物学性状的遗传与变异

大豆疫霉菌引起的大豆疫病是大豆上危害严重的毁灭性病害之一.采用经典遗传学方法研究大豆疫霉菌单孢后代的菌丝生长速率、菌落形态、产孢量以及同宗配合性状的遗传变异,以期为有效控制大豆疫病的发展和蔓延奠定基础.结果表明,菌落形态、生长速率和同宗配合性状在单孢后代可稳定遗传,控制上述性状的遗传因子是纯合的;大豆疫霉菌的游动孢子产生能力在单孢后代发生连续性变异,表明这种性状可能是数量遗传性状,也可能控制这种性状的基因为杂合基因或细胞质遗传因子.研究结果初步揭示了大豆疫霉的遗传特征、遗传多样性及多样性产生的遗传学基础.

INHERITANCE AND VARIATION OF BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYTOPHTHORA SOJAE

Phytophthora sojae causes a major disease of soybean phytophthora root rot. This paper researched the inheritance and variation of growth rate, colony morphology, sporulation and homothallism of Phytophthora sojae with classic genetics method. The colony morphology, growth rate and homothallic characters were all steadily inherited in both single-zoospore and single-oospore progenies,which indicated that the genetic factors of controlling the three characters were homozygous. However, sporulation of zoospore of P. sojae showed successive variation in both single-zoospore and single-oospore progenies,which suggested that the character was controlled by heterozygous genotype,or cytoplasmic genetic factor. The results reveal the genetic basis of the inheritance characteristics and diversities of Phytophthora sojae.