快速交通对城市郊区獐的生境影响分析

掌握城市郊区的野生动物生境动态变化，对于制定野生动物保护策略具有重要的理论和现实意义。以南京东郊野生哺乳动物獐Hydropotes inermis为研究对象．以2006年中巴资源卫星、2011年HJ-1A小卫星、47个獐物种痕迹点数据为主要信息源．在南京东郊快速交通网络景观格局动态变化分析基础上．采用最大熵法Maxent生态位模型．进行快速交通对城市郊区大型哺乳动物生境影响分析。结果表明：2006—2011年。南京东郊快速交通网络日益复杂．道路密度从2006年的1116．27m·km-2增加到2011年1371．95m·km-2：快速交通修建对獐生境产生囚笼效应．导致獐的潜在生境呈孤岛状空间分布格局。随着快速交通网络日益复杂，与2006年相比，2011年獐潜在生境呈缩小趋势：獐生境概率分布冷热点分析表明．距道路和居民点距离这2个人为干扰因子对獐生境概率分布影响最大。图4表2参11

Impact of rapid transportation network on the potential habitat of Hydropotes inermis in suburban areas

Knowledge of habitat dynamics could influence wildlife protection policy. The purpose of the paper is to quantify the impact of rapid transportation network on the potential habitat of wildlife in suburban areas so as to provide scientific basis for the plan making of rapid transportation network and biodiversity conservation. In this research, Hydropotes inermis, an endangered, wild mammal in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing City were studied with main information sources being remote sensing images from China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite （CBERS） in 2006 and Disaster and Environment Monitoring and Forecast Small Satellite Constellation A （HJ-1A） in 2011 along with 47 trace point data with geographical coordinates. Dynamic changes in landscape patterns due to high speed traffic networks in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing were analyzed first. Then, Max- ent （maximum entropy） modeling for an ecological niche was applied to predict a potential habitat for Hy- dropotes inermis. Finally, impact of this high speed traffic network on the predicted potential habitat was de termined. Results showed that （1） from 2006 to 2011, the high speed traffic network in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing became more complex with road density increasing from 1 116.27 to 1 371.95 m·km-2. （2） Compared with a corridor pattern in 2006, the potential habitat for Hydropotes inermis in 2011 decreased showing a bird cage effect which resulted in a fragmented forest island spatial pattern. （3） Also, distance to roads and distance tosettlements were the two human disturbance factors which determined the suitable probability of potential habi tat for Hydropotes inermis. It can he inferred from the paper that rapid developing transportation network is the enforcing factor leading to the habitat fragmentation of wildlife in suburban areas. Therefore, ecological corri dors between green lands of Mount Zijin, Qinglong, Tangshan in study area should be established to mitigate the negative impact of transportation on the wildlife habitats. [Ch, 4 fig. 2 tab. 11 ref. l