京冀平原区不同类型农户耕地利用研究

从农户对粮食生产能力和价值生产能力偏好的角度对农户进行群体分类,分析不同时期农户土地利用目标演化和农户群体类型演替之间的关系,选择北京大兴、海淀、曲周为典型案例区,对不同类型农户土地利用的特点及其影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:①在位于城市郊区的大兴,产量和利润协调型农户占调研总数43.04%,接近50%的农户已转型为利润需求型;而受城市辐射影响较小的研究区域曲周四疃,农户类型依然是以产量和利润协调型为主;而城市近郊的海淀,农户类型则呈多元化,由于农地稳定性差而1/3多的农户对耕地的保障功能很看重。②从农户产量需求型→产量和利润需求型→利润协调型的转型中,在种植结构上表现为从以粮食作物为主到逐渐减少其种植面积,而相应增加经济作物的种植面积;在收入结构上表现为种植业收入会逐步增加。③不同类型农户生产函数估计结果显示,耕地经营规模对农户收益有很大限制作用,且产量和利润协调型农户、利润需求型农户偏好劳动集约高的利用方式。

Research on Different Types of Farm Household Cultivated Land Use in Jinji Plain Area

Farmer households were divided into three group types in the light of their preference for grain or monetary production capacity,the succession relation between household group types and their land use objectives in different phases was discussed.The land use characteristic of each group type was discussed,taking Daxing County,Haidian County in Beijing,and Quzhou County in Hebei Province as study areas with household survey carried out in 2008.The results indicated that:① In metropolitan suburb,households preferring for grain productivity and profit accounts for more than 40 percent,and approximately 50 percent of households have transformed into the type of demanding for profit;in Situan,Quzhou,farm households shows great preference of grain productivity and profit at the same time;by comparatively,Haidian is the closest district to the city center,households type here show diversification,especially about one third households pay more attention to farmland security function because of lower land stability.②During the households transition from the type of demanding for grain productivity to the type of preferring grain productivity and profit simultaneously,or from the formers to the type of demanding for profit,planting structure usually shows decrease in grain crop sown area and increase in cash crop sown area,and farmers' agricultural income is increasing step by step.③The production function regression results of different household types shows that: farmland size has limited farmer income increase to some extent,and household type of preferring grain productivity and profit simultaneously and type of demanding for profit are all prone to labor-intensity crops and intensive land use pattern.Research on household land use from the prospective of household types would favor the study of land use change driving mechanism.