苏州环太湖地区土地利用景观格局变迁分析

基于遥感和GIS技术研究城市化过程中的土地利用及景观格局变迁,深入理解变化的内在动力机制,是满足区域人地协调发展的需要。以苏州环太湖地区为例,采用1986、1998、2003年TM数据,通过解译获得土地利用格局变化信息,进而对太湖生态保护岸线进行缓冲区分析,计算最大斑块所占面积比例(LPI)、斑块数量(NP)、斑块密度(PD)、面积斑块分形指数(FRAC_MN)、香农多样性指数(SHDI)、香农均匀度指数(SHEI)、蔓延度指数(CONTAG)7种景观指数,分析土地利用及景观格局变迁,为区域规划调控提供依据。结果表明:建设用地和耕地是区内主要的用地类型,其面积比例普遍超过60%,建设用地在不断增加,并且1998年以后增加的幅度变大;景观总体格局遭到破坏,建设用地增加所导致的最大斑块面积比例不断上升,斑块数量减少,斑块密度下降,景观均匀度降低。

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in the Process of Urbanization in Taihu-around District, Suzhou

Based on GIS & RS technology,the urbanization process of land use and landscape pattern change was studied,the dynamics mechanism was deeply understood to meet the coordinated development of regional land and people.Selecting Taihu-around district as the study area,the change of land use and landscape pattern was discussed,and the relationship among land use types was analyzed which provides the basis for the regional planning regulation.By using 1986,1998,2003 Landsat TM remote sensing data and interpreting,land use patterns were obtained. Seven landscape indexes were largest patch index(LPI),number of patches(NP),patch density(PD),area patch fractal index(FRAC_MN),Shannon's diversity index(SHDI),Shannon's evenness index(SHEI) and contagion index(CONTAG).The results showed that building land and farmland are main land use type 1986-2003,the percentage of building land increased rapidly;landscape pattern changed in research area,LPI increased,the number and density of patches decreased,landscape pattern tend to more fragmentation.