RNAi技术在作物中的应用及安全评价研究

RNA干扰（RNAi）技术在基因功能研究方面应用广泛。近年来,RNAi被认为是具有应用潜力的育种新方法。具有良好抗虫性状的RNAi转基因作物已研究成功,预示其商业化应用成为可能。RNAi转基因作物如何监管成为人们关注的新问题。本文介绍了RNAi转基因作物的发展现状,分析了RNAi技术与传统育种技术及传统转基因技术之间的不同点,总结了RNAi转基因作物的潜在风险,并以美国和欧盟为代表总结了RNAi转基因作物的监管态度,最后分析了RNAi转基因作物存在的监管问题并提出了相关建议,为我国对RNAi转基因作物的监管提供参考。

Application of RNAi in Crop Breeding and Its Safety Assessment

RNA interference (RNAi) technology is widely used for gene function research. In recent years, RNAi-based transgenic technology is considered as a new breeding method with application potentials. RNAi-based transgenic crops with insect resistance traits have been developed successfully, indicating that the commercial application is possible. How to monitor the RNAi-based transgenic crops has become a new problem meanwhile. This paper briefly introduced the application of RNAi in crop breeding and summarized the potential risks of RNAi technology. The advantages and disadvantages compared with conventional crop breeding technologies or transgenic techniques were also discussed. The regulatory models and related policies of RNAi-based transgenic crops in the world’s major countries were elaborated. Finally, the regulatory problems of RNAi-based transgenic crops were summarized and the suggestions on the regulation in China were made.