中国东北地区马铃薯致病疫霉遗传多样性分析

为明确东北地区马铃薯致病疫霉在DNA分子水平上的遗传差异,利用SSR分子标记技术对2016年采自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁的117株致病疫霉的基因型进行鉴定和命名,并对其进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,在SSR位点Pi4B和Pi4G上共检测到 10个等位基因,其中等位基因161和206出现频率最高,占明显优势。鉴定出的14个SSR基因型分别为A-03、A-10、B-01、D-03、E-01、F-01、F-02、F-06、G-02、G-03、G-07、K-01、L-01、N-01,其中A-10和N-01为这些地区之前未见报道的新基因型;F-06为主导基因型,占29.0%。经聚类分析,在遗传相似度为0.85时14种SSR基因型可划分为10个类群,表明菌株聚类与其地理来源无相关性。最后通过POPGENE1.32软件对3个省份的致病疫霉群体遗传多样性进行分析,结果显示它们之间的遗传差异较小,黑龙江省与吉林省的遗传距离最小,仅为0.0213。这些结果表明东北地区马铃薯致病疫霉的SSR基因型组成类群较多、且遗传多样性丰富。

Genetic Diversity of Phytophthora infestans in Northeast China

In order to know the genetic differences at DNA level among Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from Northeast China in 2016, the polymorphisms of 117 isolates were detected by two loci, Pi4B and Pi4G of SSR primers, and nominated based on SSR molecular marker. The results showed that 10 allele genes and 14 SSR genotypes were identified, among which allele genes 161 and 206 accounted for significant advantages. A total of 14 kinds of SSR genotypes were A-03, A-10, B-01, D-03, E-01, F-01, F-02, F-06, G-02, G-03, G-07, K-01, L-01, and N-01, respectively. A-10 and N-01 were novel genotypes that had not existed in this regions, and F-06 was the dominant genotype, accounting for 29.0% in the measure isolates. At the genetic coefficient of 0.85, 14 kinds of SSR genotypes varieties were divided into 10 groups by UPGMA cluster analysis. There was no correlation between population genetic diversity of P. infestans and geographical origin. Also, through population genetic diversity analysis by using POPGENE1.32 software, genetic difference was small among all tested P. infestans populations from Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning. The minimum genetic distance was only 0.0213 between Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province. These findings indicated that SSR genotypes of P. infestans in Northeast China had many groups, and its genetic diversity was abundant.