辽宁中部适宜机械粒收玉米品种的筛选

为推动机械粒收技术在东北玉米产区的推广,于2013-2017年在辽宁中部的铁岭、新民、沈北新区和海城开展了10个点次的玉米机械粒收品种筛选试验。通过对73个参试品种135个品次测试表明：（1）玉米子粒含水率随收获时间的推迟总体呈下降趋势,在辽宁中部地区,在9月27日至10月22日期间收获,有92个品次子粒含水率≤25%,占68.1%;在10月20-22日收获,有93.0%的品种子粒含水率低于25%,处于适宜机械粒收的子粒含水率范围;（2）按产量水平和子粒含水率双向平均法作图分析表明,在2个以上点次稳定表现出产量高于平均值、含水率低于平均值的品种有迪卡159、德育919、农华205、丰垦139、东单6531和中科玉505,建议作为适宜机械粒收品种,而产量高但含水率高的品种翔玉998可作为搭配品种;（3）推荐品种产量与当地生产参照品种郑单958和先玉335相当,但子粒含水率较郑单958低1.7~7.7个百分点。

Screening Maize Varieties Suitable for Mechanical Harvesting Grain in the Central Liaoning Province

In order to promote mechanical harvesting maize grain technology in northeast China, experiments screening varieties for mechanical harvesting maize grain were conducted at 10 sites in Tieling, Xinmin, Shenbei and Haicheng in central Liaoning. Based on the 135 tests of 73 testing cultivars,it showed that: (1) The maize grain moisture content had decreasing trend with delayed harvest time, in the middle of Liaoning, with the harvest date from September 27 to October 22, grain moisture contents of 92 tests were≤25%, accounting for 68.1%; from October 20-22, there were 93.0% of the cultivars with a moisture content of less than 25%, which were in the range of grain moisture content suitable for mechanical grain harvest; (2) According to the yield level and the grain moisture content two-way average drawing analysis method, and results at more than 2 sites showed cultivars with yield higher than average and moisture content lower than the average of included DK 159, Deyu 919, Nonghua 205, Fengken 139, Dongdan 6531 and Zhongkeyu 505 suggested as appropriate mechanical harvest grain cultivars, Xiangyu 998 with high yield and moisture content as subdominate cultivar. The yield of recommended cultivars were equivalent to the local production dominant cultivars of Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335, but the moisture contents of grain were 1.7-7.7 percentage points lower than Zhengdan 958.