药剂拌种对直播稻秧苗生长和生理特性的影响

本研究以常规稻巴斯马蒂和象牙香占为材料,通过盆栽试验,探讨了拌种剂对直播稻秧苗生长发育和生理生化特性的影响。本试验使用ABT6号生根粉、多效唑以及多菌灵3种药剂按照不同的比例进行混合后,所得药剂在水稻播种前与种子进行均匀搅拌,根据所用拌种剂各成分的含量不同分为拌种剂1号（ABT6号生根粉0.6g、多效唑40g、多菌灵9.4g）和拌种剂2号（ABT6号生根粉0.5g、多效唑40g、多菌灵9.5g）,试验设CK（常规播种）、T1（以拌种剂1号搅拌种子后播种）及T2（以拌种剂2号搅拌种子后播种）共3个处理。试验结果表明：在秧苗素质上,T1、T2均可以增加秧苗的茎基宽、根体积、根长、根系表面积和单位苗高干重,具有提高根系活力,矮化株高的作用;在生化特性上,T1、T2处理的秧苗叶片的叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量以及可溶性蛋白含量均明显上升,丙二醛含量有所下降;在生理特性上,T1、T2处理提高了秧苗叶片的过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性;在光合作用参数上,T1、T2处理的秧苗相对于对照有更高的净光合速率、气孔导度以及蒸腾速率;在叶绿素荧光特性上,T1、T2处理显著提高了秧苗叶片的最大光化学效率以及相对电子传递效率。总体而言,药剂拌种可以提高直播稻的秧苗素质,增强秧苗的抗氧化性能,提高秧苗的光合作用,促进其物质积累,可以在生产上用于壮秧,为增产打下基础。

Effects of Seeds Dressing Agent on Morphology and Biochemical Characteristics of Direct-Sowing Rice Seeding

In order to study the effects of seeds dressing agent on rice seedling quality and physiological-biochemical characteristics of rice, a pot experiment was conducted with two regular rice Basmati and Xiangyaxiangzhan, three different seeds dressing agent treatments (CK,T1 and T2), which were used Seed Dressing Agent 1 (0.6g ABT6, 40g paclobutrazol and 9.4g carbendazim) or Seed Dressing Agent 2 (0.5g ABT6, 40g paclobutrazol and 9.5g carbendazim) mixing with rice seeds before sowing. The results showed that both two seeds dressing agent-treatments could shorten plant height, increase stem diameter, root volume, root surface area, root length, activities of root, and improve dry weight per unit seeding height. Moreover, T1 and T2 could markedly increase the content of chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate, and maximal photochemistry efficiency in rice seedling. Furthermore, the activities of Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) in rice seedling were increased by using seeds dressing agents, and the reduction of Malonaldehyde (MDA) was found. The results also showed that both T1 and T2 seeds dressing agents could strengthen the qualities of rice seedling in direct-seeded rice.