滴灌春小麦群体质量与产量的关系

为探讨滴灌春小麦的高产机理,以新春6号为材料,分析了不同水肥条件下滴灌春小麦群体质量及其与产量的关系。结果表明,滴灌春小麦的茎蘖成穗率、粒叶比及花后干物质对产量的贡献率与产量均呈极显著正相关,孕穗期LAI与产量呈二次抛物线的关系;在拔节期滴灌春小麦的群体茎蘖数量为775.2×104·hm-2、茎蘖成穗率为88.7%、孕穗期和籽粒形成期的LAI分别为7.83和6.22、粒数叶比和粒重叶比分别为4 314.4粒·m-2和224.3g·m-2、花后干物质积累量为7 001.95kg·hm-2、花后干物质贡献率为79.14%时,产量最高(10 967.4kg·hm-2)。说明通过提高茎蘖成穗率,保持适宜孕穗期群体叶面积和提高粒叶比,促进花后物质生产和贮存物运转,协调源库关系,可以实现滴灌春小麦高产。

Relationships between Population Quality and Yield of Drip-irrigated Spring Wheat

In order to investigate the relationship between population quality indices and yield in drip-irrigated spring wheat and to understand its high production cultivation mechanism, the experiment was conducted with wheat variety, Xinchun 6, under different water and fertilizer treatments. The results indicated that a significant and positive correlation was found between the ear-bearing tiller rate, grain number-leaf ratio, dry matter contribution proportion after anthesis with wheat yield for dripping spring wheat. The LAI had a quadratic parabola relationship with the yield. At jointing stage, the population culm number were 775.2×10⁴·hm^-2, ear-bearing tiller rate was 88.7%, and the leaf area index at the booting stage and grain filling period was 7.83 and 6.22, respectively. Grain number-leaf area ratio and Grain weight-leaf area ratio was 4 314.4 grains·m^-2 and 224.3 g·m^-2, respectively; dry matter accumulation and dry matter contribution proportion after anthesis was 7 001.95 kg·hm^-2 and 79.14%, respectively;, the yield could be as high as 10 967.4 kg·hm^-2. Consequently, high yield could be gained by improving the ear-bearing tiller rate, controlling the population LAI at booting stage, promoting the dry matter production and storage translocation after anthesis, coordinating the relationship between source and sink.