干旱区绿洲农业结构与水资源合理利用研究——以新疆策勒绿洲为例

 绿洲农业是依靠灌溉发展起来的生态系统。干旱地区地表水资源共同特点是春、秋季供水紧张,夏季相对富裕;但种植业产业结构上用水又集中在春季,水的利用矛盾重重。本文分析新疆策勒绿洲近50年农业统计资料,结合课题组调查收集的第一手资料,在充分分析干旱区绿洲农业结构与水资源利用特点的基础上,用资源最优分配模型和线性优化模型方法,提出了绿洲农业结构、作物布局和水资源利用最佳方案,为干旱区绿洲水资源合理利用、区域经济发展提供科学依据。

The Research of the Agriculture Structure and the Proper Approach of Water Resource Utilization in Arid Region--Taking Qira Oasis in Xinjiang as Example

Oasis agriculture is a kind of ecological system, which based on irrigating. Just as other arid area, surface water resource in Qira oasis has the characteristics, which short in spring and autumn while rich in summer. Because irrigating in Qira oasis is mainly in spring, water resource utilization on agriculture faced many problems. Aiming on these problems, this article studied and analyzed Qira oasis agricultural statistic in recent 50 years and first-hand data which get from the field work. And basing sufficiently on analyzing the character of oasis agricultural structure and water resource utilization and using the optimization apportion model and the linearity optimization model, it suggested a proper approach of oasis agricultural structure, apportion of crop and water resource utilization. It also provided a scientific proof for proper water resource utilization in the oasis area and economic development in the region.