小麦亩产变动相关因素的探讨

对太原市南郊区小麦平均亩产变动与环境条件的关系进行了研究，结果表明，土壤速效养分、施肥、气候以及太阳黑子活动对小麦产量变动影响较大。土壤速效养分含量是多年培肥土壤形成的，不属当年施肥。化肥施用氮磷比例由１：０．１９调整为１：０．４１。增施磷肥还有较大增产潜力。上年８月降雨量，１０月平均气温，当年３月和５月降雨量４个气象因子对小麦亩产影响较大。太阳黑子活动与气象有相关性。小麦产量出现的周期规律与太阳黑子活动规律有一定关系。

A Study on Changing Correlated Factor of Per Mu Yield of Wheat

The relations between change of per mu yield and environmental conditions were studied with analyzing historical data of south suburban areas of Taiyuan. The quick effective nutrient of soil, applying fertilizer, elimate and solar spot activity are important factors. The content of quick effective nutrient of soil is formed by applying fertilizer for years. In recent years, applying fertilier is becoming gradually proper. The ratio of N and P is regulated from 1: 0. 19 to 1:0. 41. Tetrad meteorotogical factor(rainfall of Aug. last year, average of atomospheric temperature of Nov., rainfall of Mar. and May of present year)produce larger influence to per mu yield of wheat. The yield of wheat was related with the activity of solar spot. This paper indicated that the policy lead, changing productive condition and using new technology are necessary for realizing 400kg of per mu yield.