太湖稻麦地区秸秆还田增产及培肥效果

通过连续4 a田间小区定位对比试验，结果表明：秸秆(直接还田)+化肥(配方施肥)比单施化肥稻增6.2%，麦增3.7%；不同肥料处理的土壤盆栽试验测得的生产能力(干物生产量)秸秆+化肥比单施化肥提高19.5%；同时，土壤得到培肥，理化性状得到明显改善，稻麦生长中后期土壤供肥强度加强而持久，化肥有效性显示出提高稳定即长效的特点。揭示秸秆+化肥是现阶段农业持续高效发展的可行途径。同时亦说明有机肥与秸秆化肥的配合施用其综合效益能得到更进一步的发挥。

Effect of the Straw Returned into Soil in Rice and Wheat Planting Area of Taihu Region

The comparative experiment in the straw returned into soil was conducted in fixed plot for four years. The result indicated that the method of the straw returned into soil + chemical fertilizer had more obvious efficiency on crop yield increasement than that of the application of single chemical fertilizer and the yield of rice increased by 6.2% and wheat, 3.7%. The experiment in the bonsy had same result. Meanwhile, the soil was fertilized, the physical and chemical character was improved. So, it was an efficiency measure that the organic and chemical fertilizer was comprehensively applied for the sustaining development of agricultural production.