袋控缓释肥对桃幼树生长发育的影响

袋控缓释肥根据果树树体较大的特性,结合果树养分需求特性,采用纸塑材料做成的控释袋包裹掺混肥料,袋上针刺微孔,利用微孔控制养分释放,达到供肥和养分需求相一致。大田试验结果表明,施肥后袋控缓释处理土壤Nmin比撒施稳定,土壤Nmin含量维持在60mg/kg左右,养分释放缓慢、平稳,能满足幼树生长发育需要;1次撒施处理施肥2周后土壤Nmin含量达100mg/kg,随后急剧下降,8周后降至不施肥水平;2次撒施处理每次施肥2周后土壤Nmin含量达80mg/kg,即2个高峰。袋控缓释处理桃树根系含有大量的毛细根,与其它处理差异显著,但不施肥处理根系分布范围最广。袋控缓释处理桃树地上部树势中庸,不旺长;撒施处理在第2次施肥前以1次撒施地上部长势最旺,第2次施肥后以2次撒施地上部长势最旺。袋控缓释处理2007年开花观察时,开花数和坐果量均最高;2008年休眠期观察时,单位枝条长度花芽数量最多。

Effect of bag-controlled release fertilizer on the growth and development of young peach trees

Bag controlled-release fertilizer is a new type of fertilizers designed to adaptable to the requirement of consistent supplying nutrients of fruit trees. The result of field experiment showed that bag controlled-release fertilizer released nutrient slowly and steadily, easily meeting the need of nutrients for growth and development of young peach trees. The N in the soil was changed sharply after fertilized by spreading application method, while the change was in a limited extent in bag controlled-release fertilizer treatment, and the soil N concentration fluctuated at 60 mg/kg, reached 100 mg/kg two weeks after fertilizer spreading application in the field and decreased sharply later, just same as CK treatment. The soil N content of twice dusting treatment reached 80 mg/kg 2 weeks after fertilizer applied. There were lots of fine roots of bag controlled-release fertilizer treatment, different significantly from the other treatments, but CK had a widest range of roots distributing area. The growth of the trees applied bag-controlled release fertilizer were moderately, not vigorous, but the growth of the trees of spreading application treatment were vigorous. Investigation revealed that the production of the trees applied with bag-controlled release fertilizer was the highest in 2007 and had plenty flower buds in dormancy of 2007-2008.