平菇培养料发酵度快速测定指标的建立

为建立平菇培养料发酵度的判定指标,选用以粉碎玉米芯小粒、中粒和大粒为主要原料配制的平菇培养料,分析了发酵过程中含水量、pH值和总碳、总氮、水溶性有机碳(DOC)、氨含量以及杂菌抑制物质含量的变化,以及栽培平菇的生产特性.结果表明,发酵过程中,3种培养料的pH值先降后升,含水量、总碳含量、C/N和DOC含量降低,氨含量先...

Establishment of the fast determination index for the compost degree of oyster mushroom substrate

To establish an index system for determining the compost degree of the oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus)composted substrate,the water content,pH value,total carbon,total nitrogen,water-soluble organic carbon(DOC),ammonia content and the content of harmful microorganisms inhibiting substances of the oyster mushroom substrate prepared with the small,medium and large particles of the crushed corncob as the main raw materials were we analyzed during composting process.Furthermore,the production characteristics of the composted substrates were determined.During the composting process,the water content,total carbon and C/N of the three substrates gradually decreased,the pH value earlier decreased rapidly and then increased slightly,while the ammonia content earlier increased fast and then decreased markedly,the total nitrogen of the medium and large particles substrates earlier remained unchanged and then increased,whereas the small particles substrate kept increasing.The results of ammonia contents by ammonia test strip method and ammonia test kit method were significantly correlated.At the end of compost,the DOC content in the small particles substrate was significantly lower than that of the large particles substrate,but the ammonia content and the content of harmful microorganisms inhibiting substances in the small particles substrate were significantly higher than those of the large particles substrate.The smaller the particle sizes of the substrates,the lower the substrate temperature during the mushroom mycelia growth period,the lower the infection rate and the higher the biological efficiency.Therefore,it is advisable to use small crushed corn cobs to cultivate oyster mushrooms with composted substrates.The water content of the composted substrates is 60%-67%,the pH value is 8.0-8.6,and the DOC(w)should be less than 12 g·kg^-1(ρ)and ammonia content in the compost exudate should be less than 1350 mg.L^-1 at the end of the composting process.