浙江省4种常绿阔叶树种枯落物的燃烧特性比较

研究利用锥形量热仪,对浙江省4种常见常绿阔叶树种,冬青(Ilex chinensis)、木荷(Schima superba)、甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)和紫楠(Phoebe sheareri)的枯落物进行燃烧性试验。结果表明:木荷落叶的热释放速率,总热释放量、烟产生速率、总烟释放量均比较低,火灾性能指数最大,其小枝的火灾性能指数也相对较大,表现出较强的阻火性能,因而木荷枯落物具有较强的防火性能;甜槠落叶的总热释放量较大,火灾性能指数最小,燃烧性最强,但其小枝却相反;而紫楠落叶释烟、释热均比较缓慢,火灾性能指数较大,其小枝的火灾性能指数却最小,可见紫楠落叶耐火,小枝易燃。该研究可为浙江省防火树种筛选以及防火林带的建设提供参考。

The Comparison of the Combustibility Research on the Leaf Litter of 4 Common Evergreen Broadleaved Tree Species in Zhejiang Province

The combustibility of 4 common evergreen broadleaved tree species in Zhejiang province was studied by cone calorimetric analysis.The four species were Ilex chinensis,Schima superba,Castanopsis eyrei and Phoebe sheareri.The thermal characteristics of fallen leaves and twigs,including time to ignition(TTI),heat release(heat release rate,HRR;total heat release,THR) and smoke formation(smoke production rate,SPR;total smoke release,TSR),were measured,and the fire performance index(FPI) was calculated based on the thermal characteristic suitableness.The result indicated the leaf litter of Schima superba was the strongest fire-resistance;The fallen leaves of Castanopsis eyrei were the poorest fire-resistance,while the twigs of it were strong fire-resistance;The fire-resistance of the fallen leaves for Phoebe sheareri was higher,but that of the twigs for Phoebe sheareri was low.Several species with good fire-resistance performance have been sieved by this research,it will serve the construction of fire-resistant forest belts in Zhejiang Province.