自然保护区有效管理评价体系设计与应用分析

我国自然保护区的面积覆盖率已经超过了世界平均水平,但生物多样性保护的压力越来越大,其中主要原因之一是保护管理的有效性低。自然保护区管理对象异于其他地区,是以自然生态系统/野生动植物种群为主要保护对象,管理有效性评价应从种群安全、自然保育、社区和谐3个目标层次的实现程度进行考量,评价体系设计重点应把握管理基础、机制、决策、实施、监督5个管理的关键环节,并提出了包括16个评估因素44个评估指标的设计方案。评价方案选择1 394个国家级和地方自然保护区进行应用,取得了初步成果。

A System Design and Application Analysis for the Management Effectiveness Evaluation of Nature Reserves

The scale of development of China’s nature reserves exceeds the world average,but the pressure on biodiversity conservation increases,which has resulted from the low management effectiveness.Nature reserve management objects are different from those of other regions,mainly based on natural ecosystems.Management effective evaluation shall focus on the effectiveness of population security,conservation,community harmony and three levels of achievement of objectives.The evaluation system design emphasizes the management infrastructure,mechanisms,decision-making,implementation,monitoring of five key aspects.and includes 16 indicators and 44 assessment factors.1394 national and local nature reserves are selected for the application,and initial results achieved.