一种生物炭基肥包膜材料的制备及特性研究

以乙基纤维素为成膜材料,戊二醛作为交联剂,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯作为增塑剂,吐温80作为乳化剂,采用溶液共混法制备生物炭基肥包膜材料。以膜的抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、吸水率和损失率为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定各组分的最佳配比,最后对最优组合进行渗透试验。试验结果表明,当乙基纤维素的质量分数为5%,戊二醛用量为1.2%,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯用量为0.6%,吐温80用量为0.4%时,制备的包膜材料物理机械综合性能最优,其抗拉强度为16.72 MPa,断裂伸长率为3.35%,吸水率为8.96%,损失率为6.35%,综合得分0.888;膜的渗透性试验预测模型表明生物炭基肥累计养分透过率达到80%的时间为98 d,满足大部分作物生长周期的肥效需求。

Preparation of the coating material for a biochar-based fertilizer and analysis of its property

In this paper,using ethyl cellulose as the base material,glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent,diethyl phthalate as plasticizer,twain 80 as emulsifier,a coating material of biochar-based fertilizers were prepared using solution compounding method.The optimal proportions of the membrane components were determined through single-factor and orthogonal experiments using the tensile strength,elongation at break,water absorption and loss ratio of the films as the indexes.Then,the permeability experiment under the optimal combination was carried out.The results showed that a coating material with excellent comprehensive mechanophysical properties was obtained using 5％ (mass percentage) of ethyl cellulose,1.2％ glutaraldehyde,0.6％ diethyl phthalate,0.4％ twain 80.Its tensile strength,elongation at break,water absorption and loss ratio was 16.72 MPa,3.35％,8.96％,and 6.35％,respectively.The comprehensive score was predicted to reach 0.888.The prediction model of the membrane permeability experiment showed that the cumulative nutrient release rate of the biochar-based fertilizer reached 80％ for 98 days,which satisfies the need for the growth cycle of most crops.