苍耳有效成分的提取及其杀虫活性的研究

分别用石油醚、苯、丙酮和乙醇4种溶剂提取苍耳植株的有效成分,将获得的4种提取物以不同浓度处理菜粉蝶的幼虫,研究这4种提取物对菜粉蝶的杀虫活性。结果表明:这4种提取物对菜粉蝶都具有生物活性,随着浓度的减小,杀虫活性也随之降低,但石油醚提取物在低浓度情况下具有较高的拒食率。其中,就拒食作用而言,以乙醇提取物的效果最好,48 h不同浓度的提取物(0.08 g/mL和0.32 g/mL)拒食率分别为78.53%和96.24%;就触杀作用而言,以丙酮提取物的效果最好,24、48 h的校正死亡率分别为77.78%和81.48%;而毒杀作用以乙醇的提取物作用最好,1、4、7 d的校正死亡率分别为73.33%、85.33%和92.12%。

Extraction of Active Ingredients in Xanthium Sibiricum Patrin and Analysis of Its Insecticidal Activity

To investigate the insecticidal activity of the four kinds of active ingredients which was extracted from Xanthii plants using petroleum ether,benzene,acetone and ethanol solvent respectively,the larvae of Pieris rapae were treated with the extracts.The results showed the four kinds of solvent extracts had less biological activity with the decrease of concentration,and the petroleum ether extract had the best antifeedant rate in the case of low concentration.The antifeed-ant rate of the ethanol extract for ...