大豆蚜的系统最优控制研究

１９９３￣１９９６年作者以系统最优控制为技术原理，采用逐步逼近法和正交优化法，研究了豆田１１种可控因素对大豆蚜，天敌和产量的综合效应。根据既控虫增产又保护生态的原则，综合评价可控因素，提出大豆蚜系统最优控制：大豆与玉米同穴（４：１式）或间作（９：２式）、鲁豆４号６月１０日前后播种、１８００ｇ／ｈｍ＾２微肥拌豆种，Ｎ４５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，Ｐ２Ｏ５ ６０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２、Ｋ２Ｏ１５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２、有机肥

STUDY ON THE OPTIMUM CONTROL OF SOYBEAN APHID

Integrative effect of 11 controllable factors of soybean field on soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura ), natural enemies and summer soybean yield was studied systematically by the approaching optimum point and the L27(3)13 from 1993 to 1996. According to the criterion of not only good control of the pest and increase of soybean yield but also protection of natural enemies ,the controllable factors were evaluated synthetically and the optimum system control of soybean aphid was suggested as follows: soybean sown in the same maize hole (4 to Dor soybean interplanted in maize field (9 to 2 rows) ,cultivar lusoybean 4,sowing time about 10 June ,dressing seeds with trace fertilizer at 1800g/hm2,dosages of fertilizer N, P2O5 and K2O application at 45,60 and 150 kg/hm2,dosage of solid manure application at 22500kg/hm2,control soybean aphid with pirmicarb at 60g/hm2. The technologies of optimum control to soybean aphid were made up in the three different modes including soybean sown in the same maize hole ,soybean interplanted in maize field and monoculture soybean. It demonstrated that the results of control to soybean aphid were 93. 5%, 83. 9% and 71. 8%, soybean growth rates were 28. 1%,16. 0% and 15. 3%, respectively, densities of natural enemy in the two inter-planting modes were as much treble as that of the control.