实验性新城疫雏鸡免疫器官的病理学研究

给２８日龄伊莎雏鸡人工接种新城疫病毒后，应用常规病理学检验、细胞化学和免疫组化技术对免疫器官的病理学变化作了研究。接毒１２ｈ，法氏囊滤泡的髓质、胸腺小叶的髓质、脾白髓、盲肠扁桃体的淋巴小结及弥散淋巴组织的部分淋巴细胞和网状细胞首先出现核浓缩、胞浆固缩等坏死变化。接毒１～３ｄ（潜伏期），骨髓、法氏囊滤泡、胸腺小叶、脾白髓和红髓、盲肠扁桃体粘膜层及弥散淋巴组织的淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和网状细胞发生核浓缩、碎裂、胞浆固缩，强嗜酸性等坏死变化。接毒４～６ｄ死亡病例，这些免疫器官的淋巴组织散在呈蜂窝状空泡结构坏死灶（法氏囊为滤泡坏死），进一步崩解成无结构嗜酸性颗粒状物质。这些坏死变化可作为雏鸡新城疫诊断的根据。

Pathology of Immune Organs of Experimental Newcastle Disease in Chicks

The pathology of the immune organs of experimental Newcastle diseasein 40 chicks was described.All chicks inoculated with NDV were infected.The mortali-ty rate was 100%,The lymphocytes and reticular cells with pyknotic nuclei and shrunkcytoplasms were first found in the medulla of the bursal follides and thymic lobules,thesplenic corpuscles of the white pulp,the lymphatic nodules of the cecal tonsils and thediffuse lymphoid tissue at 12 hours after infection,The lymphocytes,macrophages andreticular cells showed pyknotic,broken nuclei and shrunk,strong eosinophilic cyto-plasms were observed in the bone marrow,bursa,thymus,spleen,cecal tonsils and dif-fuse lymphoid tissue at 1-3 days postinoculation. The necrotic foci appeared the struc-true of honeycomb vacuoles were scattered in the lymphoid tissue of the immune systemand further disintegrated into a structrueless eosinophilic granular mass in died cases at4-6 days postinoculation. These necrotic changes can serve as evidence of the diagnosisof ND in chicks.