云南施甸烟区植烟土壤养分状况综合评价

采用模糊数学和多元统计分析原理计算出代表土壤养分状况的IFI值,并运用地统计学和GIS技术进行趋势和空间分析,对云南省施甸烟区植烟土壤养分状况进行了综合评价.结果表明:施甸烟区土壤有机质、碱解氮含量较高,有效磷、有效钾、有效锌和有效硼含量适宜,水溶性氯偏低;土壤养分状况存在着广泛变异,全烟区各项养分指标的变异系数为11%～76%;根据IFI值将全烟区分为高、较高、中等、较低和低5 个等级,其中居中等级(较高、中等、较低等级)占86.7%.烟区土壤养分状况的综合评价在南北趋势上表现为南北高、中间低,且北高于南;东西方向上表现为由西向东方向逐渐降低.烟区地形地貌的差异造成了其土壤养分状况的不均匀性,合理运用评价体系,通过优化烤烟品种布局和精准施肥,可提高烟区的实际生产能力.

Comprehensive evaluation of states of tobacco soil nutrient in Shidian areas of Yunnan province

In order to improve the quality of tobacco leaf production and show the characteristics of flue-cured tobacco, the research comprehensively evaluates tobacco soil nutrient in Shidian areas and provide the theoretical basis of the soil aspects. Fuzzy math and multivariate statistical analysis are adopted to calculate the soil nutrient expressed by value of IFI. And statistical methods and GIS technology are applied to analyze their trend and spatiality. Studies indicated that the content of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen of the soil in Shidian were slightly higher. And the quantity of the available P, available K, available Zn, available B were suitable while water soluble Cl was comparatively lower. The nutrient contents of the soil in Shidian varied widely and the coefficient of variation of various nutrient standards were 11%-76%. According to IFI, the tobacco-growing area was classified as 5 levels such as high, less higher, middle, less lower and low and the ratio of the three levels, less higher, middle and less lower accounted for 86.7%.Comprehensive evaluation shows that in tobacco soil nutrient the north-south areas is higher(the north is higher than the south )and the middle is lower in North-South direction; from west to east it gradually decreased in east-west direction, uneven nature of the topography in tobacco-growing areas led to the differences in soil nutrient, however, by using the evaluation flue-cured tobacco varieties and precision fertilizer, the actual production capacity in tobacco-growing areas will be increased.