国内外普通小麦醇溶蛋白的遗传差异

采用酸性聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳(APAGE)技术对国内外早期选育和近期推广的72个小麦品种进行醇溶蛋白位点特异性检测,分析了不同基因型醇溶蛋白的遗传差异和遗传多样性,结果表明,72个供试品种在醇溶蛋白带型上差异显著,醇溶蛋白电泳共分离出93条迁移率不同的带,其中有2条双联共显带和4条稳定表达带,68条具有多样性,占94.4%。供试品种间遗传距离在0~0.84之间,平均值为0.42,变异较大,特别是大多国外品种与国内品种之间,以及早期选育品种与近期推广品种之间均具有较大的遗传距离。聚类分析表明:供试品种在遗传距离0.57水平上聚为4类,具有相同亲缘关系的品种大多数聚为一类。

Analyses on Gliadin Variation of Internal and Exteral Wheat Cultivavs

In order to investigate special variation of gliadins alleles and analyses genetic difference between different genotgpes,the internal and external 72 cultivars were studied with acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(A-PAGE).The results were as follows:The differences of gliadin bands in the 72 cultivars was significant,there were 93 gliadin genotypes in the 72 cultivars,and 93 gliadin bands were seperated through electrophoresis and 68 of them showed polymorphism(amount to 94.4%)and 4 of them were shared by all the cultivars and 2 of them were twin altogether bands.The genetic distance(GD)on the basis of gliadin ranged between 0~0.84,with an average of 0.42.There were relatively higher GD between the early and recent proment cutivars of many external and internal cultivars.Cluster analysls showed that the studied cultivers could be classified into 4 dusters at the evel GD 0.57,and the majorioy of variaties with same counsanguinity are clustered toghether.Based on these result, it is concluded that internal and exterral wheat cultivars have abundant variation and high genetic diversity.