灌水下限对基质栽培番茄生长、水分利用效率及果实品质的影响

在日光温室基质栽培条件下,以‘欧盾’番茄为试验材料,田间持水量的90%为灌水上限,研究了40%、50%、60%、70%、80%灌水下限对越冬茬番茄生长、产量、水分利用效率及果实品质的影响.结果表明:随着灌水下限的提高,茎粗、叶片数、干物质积累量、单果质量、水分利用效率及根冠比均表现出先增大后减小的趋势,其峰值均出现在60%～70%灌水下限处,且显著大于灌水下限40%、50%处理.灌水下限80%处理的叶片数、地下部干鲜质量及水分利用效率显著小于灌水下限60%、70%处理,且总灌水量及灌水次数大于其他处理.田间持水量的60%～70%为日光温室番茄基质栽培的理想灌水下限.

Effects of irrigation lower limit on growth,utilization efficiency of water and quality of tomato under substrate culture

Taking cultivar 'OuDun' as the material and 90% of field capacity as irrigation upper limit,an experiment was carried out to research the effects of the five different irrigation lower limit(40%,50%,60%,70%,80% of field capacity)on tomato's growth,yield,utilization efficiency of water and the fruit quality.The result showed that the stem diameter,number of leaves,accumulated amount of dry matter,weight of single fruit,utilization efficiency of water and root shoot ratio all firstly increased and then decreased with the lower limit increasing.The peak values present at the range from 60% to 70% of field capacity,which were significantly greater than that of 40% and 50% of field capacity.Number of leaves,root fresh and dry weight and utilization efficiency of 80% of field capacity were significantly less than that of 60% and 70% of field capacity.The irrigation amount and times of 80% were significantly greater than that of other treatments.The range from 60% to 70% of field capacity was the ideal irrigation lower limit to tomato greenhouse under substrate culture.