不同方法提取沙田柚柚皮精油成分的研究

以长寿沙田柚柚皮作为试验材料，采用冷压法、水蒸气蒸馏法和C02超临界萃取法三种方法提取柚皮精油．研究不同方法提取柚皮精油的成分与含量。结果表明．三种提取方法的精油提取率分别为0．126％、0．401％和0．252％；采用GC—MS检测分析结果表明，三种方法所得精油有效成分的种类分别为49种、35种和37种，其中有22种成分相同，包括6种最高含量的成分（0．4％）；水蒸气蒸馏法在提取过程中的高温会导致部分精油成分挥发或分解，CO2超临界萃取法提取前的冻干过程也会使部分精油成分随水分流失．冷压法依然是可保持沙田柚柚皮精油成分最有效的提取方法。

Study on the Components of Essential Oil of Shatian Pomelo Peel Extracted by Different Methods

With peel of Shatian pomel as test materials, using cold pressing method, steam distillation and supercritical CO2 extraction method to extract the essential oil from pomelo peel, the components and contents of essential oil from pomelo peel were studied. The results showed that, the extraction rates of essential oil which extracted by the three methods was 0.126%, 0.401% and 0.252% respectively. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that, the kinds of effective components of essential oils obtained by the three methods were 49, 35 and 37, and there were 22 kinds of the same components, including 6 kinds of the highest content of the component(0.4%). The high temperature in the extraction process of steam distillation would cause evaporation or decomposition of some essential oil components. The freeze-drying treatment before supercritical CO2 extraction method would make part of components of the essential oil loss with water. The cold pressing method was still the most effective method which could keep the components of essential oil of peel of Shatian pomelo.