The distribution of nitrogen species in polluted Onondaga Lake,N.Y., U.S.A. |
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Authors: | Carol M. Brooks Steven W. Effler |
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Affiliation: | 1. Upstate Freshwater Institute Inc., Box 506, 13214, Syracuse, NY, U.S.A.
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Abstract: | The temporal and vertical distributions of four N species, N03 ?, NO2 ?, total ammonia (T-NH3), and free ammonia (NH3), are documented for Onondaga Lake, an urban, polluted, hypereutrophic, dimictic, lake that receives a very high load of T-NH3. Nitrate and NO2 ? were lost rapidly from the hypolimnion, and T-NH3 accumulated to high concentrations (maximum > 10 mgN L?1), after the onset of anoxia, consistent with the lake's high level of productivity. The concentrations of T-NH3, NH3 and N03 ? that were maintained in the epilimnion (average concentrations at a depth of 1 m of 2.81, 0.16 and 0.91 mgN L?1, respectively), and concentrations of N02 ? that developed in the epilimnion (maximum of 0.48 mgN L?1), were high in comparison to levels reported in the literature. These elevated concentrations are largely a result of the extremely high loads of T-NH3, and its precursors, received by the lake. Water quality problems in the lake related to the prevailing high concentrations of N species include potential toxicity effects and severe lake-wide oxygen depletion during fall turnover. |
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