苹果品种对苹果绵蚜的抗性测定

采用石蜡切片法系统观察了苹果绵蚜侵染苹果枝条形成肿瘤的显微结构,发现枝条肿瘤部位的木质部增生和膨大,产生非功能性木质部,导管受到破坏,枝条的水分和营养传输受阻。通过对红富士、金帅、昭锦108三个品种接种苹果绵蚜的定殖率和种群增长动态情况与肿瘤的导管完整率进行比较,发现此3个苹果品种的肿瘤导管完整率存在差异(F=11.03,P0.05)。富士和金帅品种上的苹果绵蚜种群发展迅速,抗性低,品种昭锦108上苹果绵蚜种群发展缓慢,具有较高的抗性。这与品种肿瘤导管完整率有一定的相关性,抗性低的富士和金帅肿瘤导管完整率较低,而抗性高的昭锦108枝条肿瘤导管完整率较高。因此,推断肿瘤的导管完整率能反映品种的抗性程度,可以为抗性品种的筛选提供参考依据。

Resistance Determination of the Apple Varieties Against the Woolly Apple Aphid,Eriosoma lanigerum

The resistance of the apple plants against the woolly apple aphid，Eriosoma lanigerum，was tested by using the method of observation of the fine structure of branch gall in apple induced by woolly apple aphidThe proliteration of nonfunctional xylem disrupt the continuous vessels in gall，resulting in resistance to water conduction and nutrition transportationThe correlation between the settlement and development of woolly apple aphid and gall vessel intact rate was assessed on three apple varieties（Fuji，Golden Delicious，Zhaojin108）.The result showed that the gall vessel intact rate was different among of that on Fuij,Goolden Delicious and Zhaojin 108(F＝11.03，P＜0.05)Woolly apple aphids settled and developed on Fuji and Golden Delicious easily，which meant Fuji and Golden Delicious were suspicious to woolly apple aphidZhaojin108，with less settlement and development，was resistance to woolly apple aphidBut there was no significant difference between Fuji and Golden DeliciousThe study on the gall vessel intact rate also showed the same results，Fuji and Golden Delicious had less continuous vessels in gall and low gall vessel intact rateZhaojin108 had more continuous vessels in gall，which meant high gall vessel intact rate，also，there was no significant difference between Fuji and Golden Delicious