喀斯特石漠化研究现状、问题分析与基本构架

 评述20世纪90年代以来西南岩溶山地石漠化研究的进展、存在的薄弱环节,在此基础上,探讨喀斯特石漠化的内涵,指出石漠化具有成因与分布的地域差异性与人为驱动性、石漠化过程的景观分异与尺度性、石漠化土地生态恢复基准的差异性的特点;进一步认为,石漠化研究应以地球系统科学和生态经济学理论为指导,以人地关系为主线,注重生态系统各圈层耦合和研究尺度转换,从石漠化成因机制研究转向恢复机制研究,重视石漠化土地生态格局与生态过程相互作用,开展生态区(流域)生态经济综合研究。

Current status, problems analysis and basic framework of karst rocky desertification research

The rocky desertification is becoming one of the most serious menaces in the eco-environmental vulnerable karst mountain areas of southwest China during economic development in new century. Much progress had been made in theories, means, techniques, successful experiences and measures of policy and management of ecological reconstruction and sustainable development in karst mountain areas since 1990, therefore, the progresses and weakness points of karst rocky theory are summarized. Based on the above researches, the connotation of karst rocky desertification is discussed and it is suggested that the concept of rocky desertification includes three characteristics, which are that regional differences of formation and distribution and manmade driving, the landscape spatial heterogeneity and scale of rocky desertification, the regional difference of rehabilitation benchmark. Last, some conclusions for further studies are demonstrated. Rocky desertification research should be under the guidance of earth system science and ecological economy theories, sticking to the man-land relation, and research should pay attention to the coupling actions of eco-system structures and the conversion of research scale, and to the restoration mechanism other than the genesis mechanism of rocky desertification, attach importance to the reciprocity between land ecological pattern and ecological process, carry out ecological economics comprehensive research of eco-region (watershed).