干旱胁迫对不同花生品种生理特征的影响及其抗旱性综合评价

研究花生品种在开花下针期的抗旱能力及其产量表现,对后续品种特性说明和区域适应性推广提供理论支持,同时为花生抗旱性分子机制研究提供种质材料。本研究采用大棚箱体栽培方式,保证土壤理化性质一致、水肥可控,前期预试验确保土壤水分达到处理要求,在干旱处理后复水前和收获期分别取样测定叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和植株干物质量,收获期测量植株形态指标、考种和测产,用隶属函数综合分析参试花生品种耐旱性。试验结果表明：贺油15花生品种在干旱处理期株型表现优异,叶片过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性最高,丙二醛含量最低;复水后长势旺盛收获期植株干物重和产量均为最高,梧油1抗旱表现最差。由隶属函数综合分析得出贺油15、贺油13、贺油14三个品种抗旱能力较强,贺油10号、贺油12、贺油11、贺油9号抗旱能力一般,梧油1号抗旱能力最差。

Effect of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Different Species of Peanut and Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance

In this study, drought resistance and yield performance of the selected peanut varieties at pod pin stage were studied, which is expected to provide theoretical support for the characteristics of peanut and extension in certain regions, and provide germplasm resources for research of the molecular mechanism in peanut drought resistance. Greenhouse box type cultivation method was used to ensure consistent physiochemical properties of soil and controllable water and fertilizer. The experiment was conducted to ensure the treatment requirements of soil moisture.The leaves were selected to detect the activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the dry weight during the period from end of drought treatment to the resumption of water supply and harvest. Moreover, we measured plant morphological index, tested peanut varieties and estimated the yield during harvest, the comprehensive analysis of drought tolerance in tested peanut varieties was conducted by subordination function. The Heyou 15 performed excellently in the drought treatment period, which showed the highest activity of catalase and peroxidase, and had lowest content of malondialdehyde in leaves. The dry weight and yield during the harvest period were also the highest after rewatering. But Wuyou 1 performed worst in drought resistance.According to the comprehensive analysis of the membership function, three varieties of Heyou 15, Heyou 13, and Heyou 14 had the best capability of drought resistance, and Heyou 10, Heyou 12, Heyou 11, and Heyou 9 had normal capability of drought resistance, Wuyou 1 performed the worst.