海南省部分区域农田地下水中全氟烷基酸类浓度水平和潜在污染源分析

采用固相萃取(SPE)前处理与高效液相色谱串联质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)的方法分析海南省农田地下水中包含全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)等16种主要全氟烷基酸(Perfluoroalkyl Acids,PFAAs)的含量及分布状况,结合SPSS统计学方法,分析农田地下水中PFAAs的潜在污染源。结果表明,在海南部分区域农田地下水环境中存在PFAAs污染,污染物以全氟丙酸(PFPr A)、全氟丁酸(PFBA)、全氟庚酸(PFHp A)和PFOA为主,PFAAs总量为0.85~49.62 ng·L~(-1)。污染最严重的地区出现在陵水市和三亚市,两市均位于以发展热带农业为主的琼南丘陵台地地区。研究发现海南农田地下水中PFAAs污染来源中大气沉降比重较大,并且在农田地下水中首次检测出超短链PFPr A,并且是海南农田地下水主要污染物之一。

Distribution and potential PFAA pollution sources in farmland groundwater from Hainan Province

Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) are a type of persistent organic pollutants(POPs), and are of interest to many scientists. In this paper, 21 kinds of PFAAs including perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonates(PFOS) were detected using solid phase extraction(SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). Their concentrations and distributions were analyzed, and the potential pollution sources for PFAAs were investigated using SPSS. The results showed that PFAA pollution occurred in farmland groundwater from Hainan Province. The main pollutants were PFPrA, PFBA and PFOA, and the total concentration of PFAAs ranged from 0.85 ng·L^-1 to 49.62 ng·L^-1. The city of Lingnan and Sanya had the highest level, which were located in southern area of Hainan Province where there are hills and tablelands. These areas were mainly dominated by tropical agriculture. Atmosphere deposition was an important source pollution mechanism. Furthermore, it was the first time that the ultra short chain PFPrA was detected in Hainan farmland groundwater where it was one of the main pollutants in the groundwater. This result is important and needs further research.