河南烟区不同烤烟品种化学成分差异分析

选取河南许昌、平顶山、洛阳、三门峡、南阳、驻马店、济源等7个产烟区C3F烟叶样品,进行不同产区不同品种烟叶化学成分差异分析,以明确各产区适栽品种及烟叶香味特征。结果表明,河南烟区烤烟的还原糖、总糖和淀粉平均含量偏高,烟碱、氯平均含量及糖碱比基本适宜,总氮、钾含量及钾氯比偏低,淀粉、氯、糖碱比、钾氯比均存在广泛变异;不同品种适种于不同地区,南阳适宜种植云烟87、云烟85、中烟201,三门峡适宜栽种中烟201、云烟87,许昌适宜栽种中烟100、NC89,洛阳适宜栽种中烟100、中烟101、NC89,平顶山适宜栽种中烟100、NC89,驻马店适宜栽种云烟87,济源适宜栽种中烟100;不同产区烟叶香味组成及含量差异较大,且分布不平衡。实际生产中,应根据烟叶中香味物质的含量特征,采取适宜的栽培技术措施,以提高烟叶质量,强化香型风格,促进地方烟草业发展。

Analysis on chemical components of different flue-cured tobacco varieties planted in different ecological regions of Henan Province

The present experiment was conducted to identify the suitable tobacco variety with good fragrance characteristics of tobacco leaves in different tobacco production areas of Henan Province.The tobacco leaf was sampled from 7 tobacco production areas of Henan Province,viz.,Xuchang,Pingdingshan,Luoyang,Sanmenxia,Nanyang,Zhumadian and Jiyuan,and the differences in chemical components in C3F leaf of different varieties were analyzed.The results showed slightly higher average reducing sugar,total sugar and starch contents;normal nicotine,chlorine and ratio of sugar to nicotine;slightly lower total nitrogen,potassium and ratio of potassium to chlorine.However,a wide variation in starch content,chlorine,ratio of sugar to nicotine and potassium to chlorine was recorded.It was found that different varieties of tobacco were suitable for planting in different regions.Yunyan 87,Yunyan 85 and Zhongyan 201 were suitable for planting in Nanyang area,Zhongyan 201 and Yunyan 87 for Sanmenxia area,Zhongyan 100 and NC89 for Xuchang area,Zhongyan 100,Zhongyan 101 and NC89 for Luoyang area,Zhongyan 100 and NC89 for Pingdingshan area,Yunyan 87 for Zhumadian area,and Zhongyan 100 for Jiyuan area.The fragrance component and content in leaf sampled from different production area had wide differences and imbalanced distribution.Varietal characteristics and suitable cultivation countermeasures should be taken into account to enhance the quality of tobacco leaf,strength and odor to improve development of tobacco industry.