微山湖产宽体金线蛭生化组成的分析

对山东微山湖产宽体金线蛭Whitmania pigra的常规体组成、氨基酸、脂肪酸含量等进行测定及分析。结果表明：宽体金线蛭体中水分、粗蛋白、总脂肪、灰分和糖类的质量分数（鲜重）分别为85．61％、11．24％、0．95％、0．77％和1．43％；用氨基酸自动分析仪检测到宽体金线蛭体组织中总氨基酸含量为614．58mg／g（干重），其中谷氨酸（Glu）、天冬氨酸（Asp）、亮氨酸（Leu）、赖氨酸（Lys）和甘氨酸（Gly）含量较高，蛋氨酸（Met）含量较低。采用气相色谱仪检测到宽体金线蛭含有31种脂肪酸，其中廿碳烯酸占总脂肪酸的40．08％，尤以花生四烯酸（20：4n-6）含量最高，可达13．48％；油酸（18：1）含量占总脂肪酸的13．24％，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和高不饱和脂肪酸（HU—FA）分别占总脂肪酸的35．31％、46．66％和24．41％；∑n-6PUFA／∑n-3PUFA比值达3．24，远远高于淡水鱼和海水鱼。宽体金线蛭独特的脂肪酸和氨基酸组成特点或许是其高药用价值的重要依据之一。

The biochemical composition of leech, Whitmania pigra, collected from Weishan Lake, Shandong province

The body composition was analyzed in leech Whitmania pigra, an important aquatic animal for Chinese medicine, with body weight of 3.2-6.5 g collected at Weishan Lake in Shandong Province. It was found that the leech had moisture of 85.61%, crude protein 11.24%, total lipid 0.95%, ash 0.77% and carbohydrate 1.43%. There was total amino acid of 614.58 mg/g DW in the leech body, with more Glu,Asp,Leu,Lys and Gly and less Met. A total of 31 fatty acids were detected in the leech body with high proportion of eicosanoic acids （40.08%）, especially arachidonic acid （ARA） （ 13.48% ）, oleic acid （ 18 ： 1 ） （ 13.24% ）. The proportions of MUFA, PUFA and HUFA were found to be 35.31% , 46.66% and 24.41% , respectively. The ratio of ∑n-6PUFA/∑n-3PUFA fatty acid was 3.24 in the leech body, higher than that in freshwater or marine fish. It is therefore suggested that the high medical value of the leech be partially due to the fatty acid and amino acid compositions.