密闭苹果园树体优化改造对树体结构及产量品质的效应

以富士苹果为试材,研究了密闭果园树体优化改造对树体结构和群体结构及果品产量品质的影响。结果表明:改造后666.7m2枝量由改造前的105 392条下降到78 288条,减少了27 104条,降幅为25.7%;改造后短枝和叶丛枝占总枝量的比例分别由改造前的28.3%和25.5%提高到31.3%和26.3%,分别提高了3.0个百分点和0.8个百分点;改造后群体结构有了明显改善。优化改造树产量比密闭树降低15.8%,而单果重、着色指数、光洁度指数、果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量等指标则有明显提高。

Effects of Canopy Improvement on Tree Structure,Fruit Yield and Quality in Airtight Apple Orchard

Using Fuji apple tree as material,the effects of canopy improvement on tree structure,population structure,fruit yield and quality were studied in airtight apple orchard.The results showed that,branches per 666.7m2 decreased from 105 392 to 78 288 after canopy improvement,decreased by 25.7%;the proportion of short branches to total branches increased from 28.3% to 31.3%,increased by 3.0 percent points,while that of leafage branches increased from 25.5% to 26.3%,increased by 0.8 percent points.The population structure was significantly improved.Compared with airtight apple trees,the yield of improved apple trees decreased by 15.8%,but the single fruit weight,colour index,smoothness index,flesh hardness and soluble solid content increased obviously.