刺葡萄的物候期观察及扦插生根特性

以16个不同类型的刺葡萄(12个引自湖南,1个引自福建,3个引自江西)为试材,以华东葡萄(CK1)、腺枝葡萄(CK2)为双对照,进行物候期、农艺性状观察以及扦插试验。结果表明:16份不同类型的刺葡萄的物候期各不相同,除福建刺葡萄的果实着色期(07?18)比CK1的果实着色期(07?15)略晚,各类型刺葡萄的其他物候期均比对照(CK1和CK2)早,其中湖南浏阳刺葡萄雄株的萌芽期、新梢生长始期、花蕾分离期、盛花期和落叶期最早,各刺葡萄类型的生理落果始期、终期以及果实变软期相差不大;不同的刺葡萄类型的农艺性状没有明显的区别,叶片均为心形,单叶,浅裂或全缘,卷须着生不规则,花序呈圆锥形,嫩梢为黄绿或浅紫色,新梢呈褐色。扦插试验结果表明,江西–9刺葡萄的各项相关指标较好,其扦插成活率为38.67%,平均生根条数为5.9,平均根粗为4.57 mm。

Phenological period and characteristics of cutting rooting of Vitis davidii

In the experiment, 16 samples of Vitis davidii(12 from Hunan province, 3 from Jiangxi provience and 1 from Fujian provience ) and Vitis pseudoreticulata W.T. (as CK1) and Vitis adenoclada Hand. Mazz (as CK2) were used as materials to study the phenological period and agronomic trait and cutting rooting of Vitis. The results showed that the phenological period of all samples were earlier than CK1 and CK2, except the sample from Fujian, which the coloring stage was later than CK1. The samples from Hunan had the earliest in germinaion, shoot-growing, flower bud period, maturity period and defoliation period, while the stage of physiological drop and fruit softening had little difference among the samples. All samples had similar agronomic trait, such as, the heart and simple shallow crack or entire edge, the irregular tendrils, conical inflorescence, tender tip with brownish yellow, green or light purple, new tip with brown. One of the samples from Jiangxi (Jiangxi–9) had the best cutting rooting, which had 38.67% of cutting’s survival rate, 5.9 roots and 4.57 mm of root thickness.