甘蔗/大豆间作及地膜覆盖对大豆生长与产量及品质的影响

以桂春豆103为材料,设单作、甘蔗/大豆间作、间作+地膜覆盖3个处理,研究甘蔗/大豆间作及地膜覆盖对大豆生长、生理、营养、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:甘蔗/大豆间作的出苗速度最快;间作+覆膜处理植株的干物质积累量在鼓粒期(20.99 g/株)和成熟期(28.16 g/株)显著高于其他2个处理的干物质积累量,间作+覆膜处理豆荚的干物质积累量在各时期均表现最大;间作+地膜覆盖处理的叶绿素含量在鼓粒期和成熟期显著高于单作处理的叶绿素含量,但与甘蔗/大豆间作处理的叶绿素含量差异无统计学意义;间作+地膜覆盖处理的根系活力在开花结荚期、鼓粒期、成熟期均显著强于其他2个处理的根系活动;间作+地膜覆盖处理植株叶片的氮含量在各时期均表现最高,且在鼓粒期和成熟期显著高于其他2个处理的氮含量,甘蔗/大豆间作处理植株叶片的磷含量和钾含量在成熟期显著高于其他2个处理的;间作+地膜覆盖处理的单株鲜荚质量(38.33 g)和单株干豆质量(10.55 g)显著高于其他2个处理的,单作、甘蔗/大豆间作、间作+地膜覆盖3个处理的干豆产量分别为1 621.41、627.90、743.85 kg/hm2,3个处理干豆粗蛋白含量及干豆粗脂肪含量的差异没有统计学意义。

Effect of sugarcane-soybean intercropping and mulch on growth,yield and quality of soybean

A soybean variety (Glycine max(L.) Merr.), Guichundou 103, was used as material and 3 treatments of soybean monoculture, sugarcane-soybean intercropping (short for intercropping) and sugarcane intercropping soybean with plastic mulch (short for mulch) were designed to study the effect of sugarcane-soybean intercropping and mulch on growth, yield and quality of soybean. The result indicated that the seedlings emergence speed of the intercropping was the greatest; the dry matter weights of plant of the mulch were 20.99 g/plant and 28.16 g/plant at seed-filling period and maturation stage respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the other treatments. The dry matter weights of pod of the mulch were the greatest at the whole growth stage; chlorophyll contents of the mulch were significantly higher than those of the monoculture at seed-filling period and maturation stage, but were not significantly difference with the intercropping;the root activities of the mulch were significantly higher than those of the other treatments at podding stage, seed-filling period and maturation stage; the N contents of the mulch were the greatest at the whole growth and were significantly higher than those of the other treatments at seed-filling period and maturation stage, while the contents of P and K of the intercropping were the greatest; the fresh pod weight of single plant and the dry bean weight of single plant of the mulch were 38.33 g and 10.55 g respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the other treatments. The dry bean yields of the monoculture, the intercropping and the mulch were 1 621.41, 627.90 and 743.85 kg/hm2, respectively. The difference of total protein content and total fat content were not significant among the treatments.