棉花根系的生长特性及其与栽培措施和产量关系的研究 Ⅱ栽培措施对棉花根系生长的影响及其与地上部和产量的关系

本文研究了灌溉、施肥量与播种期对露地棉与地膜棉根系的生长特性及其与地上部的相互作用和产量形成的影响。结果表明,生长期灌水处理棉株根系入土浅,总长度减少,未灌水处理根量在深土层明显增加;重肥处理根系入土深,深土层根量增加。灌水及重肥处理根系新根量均增加,根系伤流量增大,生理活力增强。早播棉株主根深度增加,根重增大,尤在生育前期增长明显,同时.根系建成提前,根系分布范围广。灌水、重肥与早播处理棉株根重、地上部重及籽棉产量等均增加。棉株根量与产量间存在显著相关关系,蕾期根量对产量的效应最大。

STUDIES ON THE GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOT SYSTEM AND ITS RELATION WITH CULTURAL PRACTICES AND YIELD IN COTTON (G. hirsutum L. ) THE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL PRACTICES ON THE GROWTH OF ROOT SYSTEM AND ITS RELATION WITH ABOVE GROUND PARTS AND YIEL

The effects of irrigation, amount of fertilizer applied and sowing date on the growth characteristics of root system of non-mulching cotton and film-mulching cotton and its relation with above ground parts and the yield formation were studied in this paper. Results showed that the root system is shallower in soil and the total length of roots is shor ter with treatment of irrigation in growth stage. The weight of roots increased in deep soil layer with treatment of non-irrigation. The root system is deeper in soil and the weight of roots increased in deep soil layer with treatment of higher rate of fertilizer applied. The weight of new roots and the amount of bleeding sap increasd at irrigation or more fertilizer applied conditions and showed that the physiogical activity of root system was strengthened. With treatment of early sowing, the length of taproot and the dry weight of roots increasd significantly in the earlier growth stage, the construction of root system is earlier and the distribution is wider. The weight of roots and above ground parts and the seed cotton yield increased at irrigation, more fertilizer applied or early sowing conditions. The weight of roots was significantly correlated with yield and the effects of root weight in square stage on the yield was the greatest.