面向节水型产业结构的黑龙江省行业用水及经济特征分析

在有限的水资源条件下，合理分配水资源，提高用水效率及水的经济效益，已经成为目前的热点问题之一。以2010年投入产出表为数据基础，计算黑龙江省的用水、耗水及污染系数、各产业的影响力、感应力系数、生产诱发系数，进行用水、耗水效益和污染程度分析判断，并进行各产业的经济特征分析。结果表明：（1）农业用水成本最大，污染大，最不经济，出口对农业影响最大；（2）高用水行业主要集中在以资源加工为主的工业内部，高耗水行业只要集中在第二产业的部分制造业，高污染行业主要集中在以制造业为主的工业，投资对第二产业影响最大；（3）黑龙江省第三产业均属于一般用水行业和一般耗水行业，出除了住宿和餐饮业外其他服务业均属于一般污染行业，第三产业用水最经济，污染少，为促进第三产业的发展，应首先提高对第三产业的消费，其次加大对第三产业的投资和出口。

An Analysis of the Water and Economic Features of Industries in Heilongjiang Province for Water-saving Industry Structures

How to rationally allocate water resources and improve the economic and use efficiency of water in the limited water resources conditions. To the data base of input-output tables, water-use、water consumption、pollution coefficient influence and induction coefficient, production-induced of Heilongjiang Province are calculated, to conduct to analyze water-use efficiency and pollution levels, and to analyze economic characteristics. The results showed that: (1) the cost of agricultural water and pollution is the most largest and the most uneconomical，exports affect agricultural; (2) high water industry is mainly concentrated in the industry of resources processing, High water consumption industries concentrated part of the manufacturing in the second industry, High-pollution industries are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry, Investment is the greatest impact to second industry; (3) the tertiary industry of Heilongjiang Province is the general water-use industry and water-deprivation industry, in addition to accommodation and catering general belonging to polluting industries the tertiary industry is all the general pollution, the use of water and pollution the tertiary industry of is the least and the most economical, in order to promote the development of tertiary industry, the consumption should be increased, followed increasing investment and exports of the tertiary industry.