河南省小麦白粉病菌生理小种及其致病性测定

1990—1991年,于小麦生长季节从河南省14个县(市)采集了126个白粉菌株。根据9个鉴别寄主的抗感反应进行小种划分,并用毒性公式和八进制法编码。结果表明,15号小种的频率最高,达17.46%,与国内其它地区的结果基本一致。但对鉴别寄主毒力频率分析发现不同年份及地区间,小麦白粉菌群体有较大差异;而且同小种不同菌株对豫麦2号等10个推广品种的致病性存在明显差异。原因在于传统小种鉴定方法存在较大弊端,现行鉴别寄主中与生产基本无关的高抗品种较多,缺乏代表性的生产品种,不能准确反映当地小麦品种与当地白粉菌群体问的互作。提出应对鉴别寄主予以修改,或用病菌群体毒性基因结构测定代替优势小种分析,以提高研究结果的实用性。

IDENTIFICATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL RACES OF ERYSIPHE GRAMINIS F.SP.TRITICI IN HENAN PROVINCE

In 1990 and 1991,126 isolates of Erysiphe grarninis f.sp.tritici col-lected from Henan Province were identified with 9 differential hosts.The results showed that most of isolates were divided into 12 races and6 race groups,the major race frequency was consistent with other re-gions of China,but the tests of virulence frequency of the pathogen todifferential hosts and pathogenicity of major races to 10 commercialcultivars indicated that there existed many problems in the efficiencyof the differential hosts and the methods of race survey.Which,there-fore,should be improved.