徽商兴起与中国传统林业

明清时期起源于皖南山区徽州的徽商是中国的一大商帮,徽商主要是茶、木、盐和典当四大产业,其资本积累以及后来的繁荣均得益于徽州丰富的森林资源。徽商重视文化和教育,在森林资源的开发利用中,重视生态环境保护和先进林业科学技术应用,在经营杉木、竹子等大宗林产品的同时,充分发挥徽州自然资源丰富的优势,科学经营茶叶、蚕桑、干果、水果、木本油料、纤维类等植物资源,发展具有徽州特色的笔、墨、纸、砚文房四宝等,形成了徽州林业可持续发展的体系。

Huizhou's Businessmen Spring Up and China's Traditional Forestry

Huizhou's businessmen who came from the southern mountain area of Anhui Province, was a big business group in China's Ming and Qing dynasties. They were mainly engaged in four kinds of industry, i.e. tea, wood, salt and pawnbroking. Their capital accumulation and the subsequent prosperity were profited from the abundant forest resources. They attached great importance to culture and education, and also paid much attention to the protection of ecological environment and application of advanced forestry techniques in the exploitation and utilization of forest resources. While they managed the business of large amount of forest products from Chinese fir, bamboo, they also took full advantage of the Huizhou's rich natural resources, and they managed some plant resources in a scientific way such as tea, mulberry for silkworm, dry fruits, fruits, oil plants, fibrous plants etc. as well as developed the four treasures of study with Huizhou's features, i.e. writing brush, ink stick, ink slab, paper, thus, formed the Huizhou's forest sustainable development system, which is the valuable wealth of China's traditional forestry.