堆肥法处理含油污泥的研究

通过添加稻草和有机肥对含油污泥进行了115 d的堆肥处理,动态监测了堆制过程中总石油烃含量、温度、C/N/P比例及功能微生物数量变化,测定了堆制前后石油组分和生物毒性,探讨了堆肥法处理降解油泥的效果。结果表明,堆肥处理后油泥中的总石油烃含量从123±1 g kg-1降低至71.7±0.7 g kg-1,降解率达42%,是未堆肥对照处理的2.5倍;堆体在第21天达到最高温度50℃;堆肥处理的C/N/P比例变化呈现下降趋势;堆肥过程中油泥中烃降解菌和芳烃降解菌与堆制前比较增加了近2个数量级。此外,含油污泥经堆肥法处理后生物毒性降低,EC50从1.77±0.28 mg m l-1提高至2.76±0.38 mg m l-1。

Treatment of oily sludge through composting

A 115-day experiment of composting oily sludge with straw and organic manure was carried out. During the process, dynamics of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) content, temperature, C/N/P ratio and population of functional microorganisms were monitored, and composition and biotoxicity of petroleum waste were analyzed before and after composting. Results show that TPH content decreased from 123±1 g kg~(-1) to 71.7±0.7 g kg~(-1), demonstrating a degradation rate of 42%, which was 2.5 times high than CK (without composting). The composting treatment reached the highest temperature, 50℃ on D21 and showed a decreasing C/N/P ratio. The counts of hydrocarbon degraders and aromatic hydrocarbon degraders in the composted sludge increased by about 2 orders of magnitudes compared with those in the uncomposted sludge. Moreover, EC50 in the oily sludge increased from 1.77±0.28 mg ml~(-1) before composting to 2.76±0.38 mg ml~(-1) after composting, indicating a decrease in biotoxicity of the sludge.