杂色鲍群体间杂交的杂种优势分析

杂色鲍（Haliotis diversicolor）是中国南方主要的鲍养殖种类,近年来“东优1号”杂色鲍因较高的成活率优势已在产业上得到越来越广泛的推广养殖.该研究采用3×3完全双列杂交的方式,对杂色鲍“东优1号”群体、杂色鲍古雷群体和杂色鲍越南群体3个群体自繁与杂交后代的养殖性能进行跟踪,并对其杂种优势进行评估.结果表明,3个群体自繁后代的生长速度和成活率上存在显著差异（P＜0.05）,同时3个组合的生长速度与成活率的双亲杂种优势率值均不高,且2个单亲杂种优势率值之间有显著差异（P＜0.05）.

Heterosis analysis on crossbreeding between different populations of small abalone Haliotis diversicolor

Small abalone Haliotis diversicolor is an important cultivable species in Southern China. A new variety, Dongyou No. 1, is now widely cultured because of its high survival rate. We conducted a 3 x 3 complete diallel cross between three populations of small abalone H. diversicolor, which were Dongyou No. 1, Gulei and Vietnam. During the crossbreeding, we compared the six reciprocal cross lines and three parental lines in terms of growth rate and survival rate at grow-out stage, and analyzed their heterosis. Significant difference in shell length and survival rate had been found, which indicated a potential genetic difference between the three populations （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The magnitudes of heterosis was not high, and differed within the cross lines, for both positive and negative values could be observed. Moreover, the two single-parent heterosis were significantly different from each other （ P 〈 0.05 ）.