太空诱变玉米核雄性不育与植物激素的关系

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析了太空诱变玉米核不育突变体姊妹交后代可育株和不育株中的细胞分裂素(ZT)、赤霉素(GAs)、生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)的含量及比值的变化,并通过外施赤霉素试验,调查了外施赤霉素对育性表现的影响。结果表明,外施赤霉素并不能使植株的育性发生改变。苗期可育株与不育株叶片中的内源IAA、ABA含量差异达显著水平;拔节期可育株与不育株叶片中的内源ZT、GAs、IAA和ABA含量差异均达显著或极显著水平;单核小孢子期可育株与不育株雄穗中的IAA、ABA含量差异达极显著水平,而双核花粉期可育株与不育株雄穗中仅有ABA含量差异达极显著水平。其中可育株中ZT、GAs和IAA含量高于不育株,ABA含量低于不育株。太空诱变玉米核不育突变体不属于赤霉素敏感型;不育突变体的发生可能与ABA、IAA的关系更为密切。

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYTOHORMONES AND GENIC MALE STERILITY INDUCED BY SPACE FLIGHT IN MAIZE

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was adopted to analyze the content of endogenous hormones such as zeatin(ZT), gibberellin(GAs), auxin(IAA) and abscisic acid(ABA) in male fertile plants and male sterile plants of maize derived from sister-cross population, which was produced with male sterile mutant induced by space flight. Exogenous GAs treatment was applied to plants of sister-cross population of maize,and the fertility of the maize plant both in the exogenous GAs treatment plots and the control plot was investigated. The results showed that the fertility segregation ratios of sister-cross populations did not change with exogenous GAs treatment. At the seedling stage, only the differences of IAA and ABA contents in leaf between fertile and sterile plants were significant at the 0.05 level, and the differences of ZT, GAs, IAA and ABA contents between sterile and fertile plants all were at 0.05 or 0.01 level significant,at the jointing stage. At the uninucleate microspore stage the differences of IAA and ABA contents in anther were significant at 0.01 level, but at the binucleate pollen stage only the difference of ABA content was significant at 0.01 level. During the four different developmental stages, the contents of ZT, GAs and IAA were higher in fertile plants than in sterile plants, but the content of ABA was lower in fertile plants than in sterile plants in the two different tissues. It was concluded that exogenous GAs treatment could not alter the fertility of maize plants, so this mutant did not belong to the GAs sensitive type. The changes of the hormone level or the hormones ratio might be related to the pollen abortion of the male sterile material used in this experiment, and it seems that ABA and IAA may have a closer relationship with the fertility expression of the material used in this experiment than ZT and GAs according to the significance tests.