Bcl-xL及PTD-FNK蛋白的细胞保护作用研究进展

作者首先简述了Bcl-2蛋白家族成员Bcl-xL蛋白的结构与功能，Bcl-xL蛋白是体内重要的抗凋亡蛋白，其头部折叠结构完全符合Bcl-2家族蛋白结构模型，对多种细胞具有保护作用；其次介绍了Bcl-xL蛋白的功能增强型突变体PTD-FNK蛋白的生物学特性、功能、作用机制及临床应用情况，其对体内外细胞的穿透能力很强，可能通过抑制细胞线粒体途径的凋亡对不同类型细胞受到的多种损伤刺激产生良好的防御作用，这种组织细胞保护作用目前已经在临床治疗上被广泛应用。目前两种蛋白批量生产及实践应用的难点是其原核表达形式为包涵体，需要经过复杂的复性过程才能获取可溶性蛋白，且蛋白在复性过程中损耗极大。通过探索诱导两种蛋白表达的最优条件，大量诱导蛋白的可溶性表达并且进行纯化是今后研究工作的重点和方向，可为更好地推进其在组织细胞常温、低温、冷冻保存及医学临床中的应用奠定基础。

Research Progress on Cytoprotection of Bcl-xL and PTD-FNK Protein

In this article,firstly,the structure and functions of Bcl-xL protein is briefly introduced. It is believed that Bcl-xL protein as a member of the Bcl-2 family,has the same head folding structures as Bcl-2 family,which plays an important role in suppressing apoptosis of cell and protecting various cells from injury. Then the author introduces the biological properties,functions, mechanisms and clinical application of PTD-FNK protein (a gain-of-function mutant of Bcl-xL). It is thought that PTD-FNK protein is able to rapidly penetrate into cell in vitro and in vivo, and can protect various types of cells from many damage through the inhibition of apoptosis in the path of mitochondrion,so being a potent protein with various therapeutic applications. Finally,the author points out that the difficulty of mass production and practical application of two proteins is that prokaryotic expression of the proteins is inclusion body,which need the complex refolding process in order to obtain soluble proteins,and proteins' loss in the refolding process is great. The priorities and direction of future research are to realize the soluble expression and purify the two proteins in large quantities by optimizing expression conditions of induction,laying the foundation of their application to clinical medicine and cell preservation under room temperature, low temperature and frozen condition.