阴离子盐对围产期奶牛健康和生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究阴离子盐对围产期奶牛产后健康和生产性能的影响。试验选取24头围产前期经产奶牛分为对照组和试验组，对照组饲喂牧场原饲料、试验组于产前21 d饲喂含阴离子盐颗粒料，产犊后统一饲喂牧场原有日粮。结果显示，试验组奶牛尿液pH值维持在5.7~6.9；与对照组相比，试验组血液pH值显著降低（P<0.05），血钙含量、血糖水平、碱性磷酸酶活性在产后1 d显著升高（P<0.05）；试验组低血钙、产乳热、胎衣不下、真胃移位和乳房炎等疾病的发生率降低，其中胎衣不下发病率显著降低（P<0.05）；但两组间产奶量无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上所述，饲喂阴离子盐颗粒料可提高奶牛的健康状况，维持血钙平衡。

Effect of Anionic Salts on Health and Production Performance of Holstein Cows in Peripartum

This study was to determine the effect of anionic salts on health and production performance of Holstein cows during the peripartum period. Twenty-four Holstein cows during the peripartum period were selected and divided into control group and experimental group. Twelve Holstein dairy cows in control group were fed diets with original concentrate,while twelve cows in experimental group were fed diets with concentrates adding anionic salts for the last 21 days before expected calving. All animals were ad libitum fed with the same diets after calving. The results showed that urine pH maintained 5.7 to 6.9,and blood pH was decreased significantly compared to control group (P<0.05). However,the contents of plasma Ca,glucose and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in experimental group were significantly increased in 1 d after calving (P<0.05). What's more, the incidences of hypocalcemia,milk fever,retained placenta,displaced abomasum and mastitis were reduced in experimental group and the incidences of retained placenta was significantly decreased (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected in milk yield between two groups (P>0.05). In summary,supplementation of anionic salts concentrate could help to keep the health and plasma Ca homeostasis of Holstein cows.