光周期对于绒山羊毛囊干细胞激活的影响

为了延长绒山羊毛囊兴盛期，提高羊绒产量，本试验通过人工缩短内蒙古阿尔巴斯型绒山羊的日照时间，利用组织切片技术对比人工短光照和自然光照周期下绒山羊皮肤组织形态变化，利用免疫组织化学方法研究毛囊细胞增殖及相关信号通路重要蛋白的表达。结果显示，人工短光照周期下绒山羊毛囊细胞增殖强烈，干细胞标记角蛋白15（cytokeratin 15，K15）阳性信号大量分布于外根鞘，β-catenin信号活跃表达于毛母质及根鞘，毛囊提前进入兴盛期；而自然光照周期下绒山羊毛囊仍停留在休止期，相应蛋白信号表达较弱。综上表明，短日照对毛囊生长具有明显的促进作用，人工短光照周期可以提前激活毛囊干细胞，使其提前进入兴盛期，引起多种毛囊生长相关蛋白的表达。

Effects of Photoperiod on Stem Cells Activation in Cashmere Goat Hair Follicles

In order to extend the anagen of cashmere goat hair follicles and increase the production of cashmere,this study was performed with artificially shorten the daylight time among Arbas White cashmere goats. Skin tissue sections from cashmere goats were collected to compare the morphologic changes between artificial daylight and natural daylight,and immunohistochemical method was used to study the hair follicle cell proliferation and important protein expression in related signaling pathways. The results showed that strong cell proliferation occurred in cashmere goat hair follicle cells during artificial daylight,plenty of cytokeratin 15 (K15) positive signals were distributed in the outer root sheath,β-catenin protein was actively expressed in hair matrix and root sheath, indicating that the hair follicles were in the anagen growth phase;Meanwhile,cashmere goat hair follicles under natural daylight were in telogen with weak signals. Above all prove that short photoperiod played an important role in promoting hair follicle growth,the artificial short photoperiod could change hair follicle growth cycle and make hair follicles earlier enter to the anagen growth phase,causing a variety of typical gene expressions during hair follicle growth.