嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响

试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响。选取21日龄健康黄羽肉公鸡180只，随机分为3组：对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂含6%棉粕的基础日粮，Ⅰ组饲喂含6%嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕的试验日粮，Ⅱ组饲喂含6%棉粕和7×10⁴ CFU/g嗜酸乳杆菌的试验日粮。结果显示：①42日龄时，各组间免疫器官指数无显著差异（P>0.05）。64日龄时，Ⅰ组的脾脏指数、法氏囊指数和血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）含量分别显著提高了47.69%、20.59%和5.77%（P<0.05），脾脏中白细胞介素-10（IL-10） mRNA表达量极显著提高了449.37%（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组脾脏中γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和IL-10 mRNA表达量分别显著提高了153.45%和255.70%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组脾脏中IL-10 mRNA表达量提高了54.45%（P>0.05）。②42日龄时，与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）分别显著提高了8.26%和22.13%（P<0.05），肝脏T-AOC显著提高了22.34%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组血清T-AOC显著提高了27.25%（P<0.05）。64日龄时，与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清、肝脏T-SOD活性分别极显著提高了10.17%、26.17%（P<0.01），血清GSH-Px活性显著提高了20.45%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组血清、肝脏GSH-Px活性分别显著提高了19.45%、21.23%（P<0.05），肝脏T-SOD活性极显著提高了18.41%（P<0.01）。以上研究结果提示，日粮中添加发酵棉粕可以显著增强黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能，嗜酸乳杆菌对黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能有一定的促进作用，但效果不显著。

Effects of Cottonseed Meal Fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus on Immune Function and Oxidation Resistance of Yellow-feathered Broilers

This study was conducted to examine the effects of cottonseed meal fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus on antioxidant function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers. One hundred and eighty 21-day-old healthy male Yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.The broilers in the control group were fed the basal diet with 6% cottonseed meal supplementation,and those in groupⅠ were fed the experimental diet with 6% fermented cottonseed meal supplementation,and the others in group Ⅱ were fed the basal diet included 6% cottonseed meal and 7×10⁴ CFU/g Lactobacillus acidophilus.The results showed as follows:①At 42 days of age,the immune organ index of three groups were no significant difference (P>0.05).At 64 days of age,compared with control group, the spleen index, bursa of Fabricius index,serum IL-2 content and the expression of IL-10 mRNA in spleen of groupⅠwere increased by 47.69% (P<0.05), 20.59% (P<0.05), 5.77%(P<0.05) and 449.37%(P<0.01),respectively,and the expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA in spleen of groupⅡwere increased by 153.45% and 255.70% (P<0.05),respectively. The expression of IL-10 mRNA in spleen of group Ⅰ was increased by 54.45% compared with group Ⅱ (P>0.05).②At 42 days of age,the serum T-SOD,serum T-AOC and liver T-AOC of group Ⅰ were significantly increased by 8.26%,22.13% and 22.34% compared with control group (P<0.05),and the serum T-AOC of groupⅠwas significantly increased by 27.25% compared with groupⅡ (P<0.05).At 64 days of age,compared with control group,the serum T-SOD,serum GSH-Px and liver T-SOD of groupⅠincreased by 10.17%(P<0.01),20.45% (P<0.05) and 26.17% (P<0.01),respectively,and compared with group Ⅱ,the serum GSH-Px,liver T-SOD and liver GSH-Px of groupⅠincreased by 19.45% (P<0.05),18.41% (P<0.01) and 21.23% (P<0.05),respectively. In conclusion,dietary fermented cottonseed meal could enhance immune function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers, and Lactobacillus acidophilus had no significant influence on immune function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers.