肉鸡鸡胚肝脏中脂滴的发育研究

为了探索鸡胚肝脏脂滴的发育规律，选取120枚受精蛋，分别在孵化的第7~21天（E7~E21）每天随机选取6枚蛋，收集鸡胚，采集鸡胚肝脏，采用冰冻切片、苏丹Ⅲ染色观察鸡胚肝脏脂滴的形成和发育特点。结果发现：①鸡胚发育到E9胚龄，肝细胞内开始出现脂滴，且随着胚龄增加，脂滴的数量不断增多，脂滴的大小不断增大；②E18胚龄以前，肝脏脂滴的分布从中央静脉开始沿肝索到肝小叶边缘数量逐渐减少，E18胚龄以后，肝脏边缘脂滴数量较肝脏中央的多；③肝脏脂滴的发育分为E9~E14、E15~E17和E18~E21 3个阶段，而且后一个阶段脂滴的数量和体积均显著大于前一个阶段（P<0.05），脂滴的平均大小在E9~E14、E15~E17和E18~E21 3个阶段分别为3.2、5.7和10.8 μm，平均数量分别为67、327、397个/mm²。以上结果表明，随着鸡胚的发育，肝细胞内脂滴数量增加、体积变大。

Study on Development of Broiler Liver Lipid Droplet during Embryonic Period

This study was aimed to explore the developmental change of lipid droplet in liver of chicken embryos.120 fertilized eggs were incubated, and 6 embryos were selected randomly every day and their livers were removed for measuring the formation and development of lipid droplets from E7 to E21 during the incubation.The methods of frozen section and Sudan Ⅲ staining were used. The results showed that:①Lipid droplets emerged early on the 9th day of chicken embryos incubation (E9). The quantities and sizes of lipid droplets became more and larger with the increasing of chicken embryos age. ②Quantities of lipid droplets in every hepatic lobule decreased from central veins to the margin of hepatic lobule along hepatic cords before E18, while more lipid droplets distributed at the margin of the liver than that in the center of liver after E18. ③The quantities and sizes of hepatic lipid droplets were significant difference during the three stage of E9-E14, E15-E17 and E18-E21 (P<0.05). The average sizes of hepatic lipid droplets were 3.2, 5.7 and 10.8 μm, respectively, and their average numbers were 67,327 and 397 n/mm², respectively. In conclusion, the quantities and sizes of hepatic lipid droplets became more and larger with the increasing of chicken embryos age.